Association football Essay Example for Free

Association football Essay Hi all i am new here. Was searching helps on essay and found this webby. nice one. My teacher just asked me to write an essay with the title [ my favorite sport game ]. So far as i know, on this case, we are suppose to write about [ why we like it ] instead of [ talking about the sport ] , isnt it? My teacher has given me the notes which are all relating [ talk about the sport ]. below are the notes given from my teacher 1. intro write about the game 2. what it is special about? famous in world , world class team, have won many championship 3. who are the special/outstanding players in the team? 4. what are their special abilities score alot goals, can run and driblle the ball - I am just disagree with the way of writing this essay. It is probably out of topic, if i am not wrong. However, i have done an essay based on the notes given. Pls check and remark for me. If possible, help me think of the REAL and BETTER way to write this essay. Your help is greatly appreciated, thank you. A game is an activity involving one or more players. Games are played primarily for entertainment or enjoyment, but may also serve as exercise. Everyone in this world has their own favorite games, so do I. My favorite game is football . I often play this with my friend in the evening. I like this game because it is exciting and challenging. Football is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players each. It is a ball game played on a rectangular grass field with a goal at each end. The objective of the game is to score by maneuvering the ball into the opposing goal. The winner is the team which has scored most goals at the end of the match. Football is played at a professional level all over the world, and millions of people regularly go to football stadium to follow their favorite team, whilst millions more avidly watch the game on television. A very large number of people also play football at an amateur level. In many parts of the world football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans, local communities, and even nations; it is therefore often claimed to be the most popular sport in the world. There are many worldwide international competition of football. One of the major international competitions in football is the World Cup organized by Federation Internationale de Football Association. Over 190 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals. The finals tournament, which is held every four years, now involves 32 national teams competing. The next World Cup takes place in Germany 2006. The star I admired most in football is Edson Arantes do Nascimento, nicknamed Pele, is a former Brazilian football player and thought by many to be the finest player of all time. Often considered the complete attacking player, he was completely two-footed, a prolific finisher, exceptional at dribbling and passing, and was a remarkably good tackler for a forward. He was also famed for his speed and strength on the ball. Since his full retirement he has served as an ambassador for the sport. There is many reason football is my favorite game. I wish to become a professional football player. I learnt teambuilding, discipline as well as teamwork through playing football. A game is an activity involving one or more players. Games are played primarily for entertainment or enjoyment, but may also serve as exercise. Everyone in this world has their own favorite games, so do I. My favorite game is football. I often play this with my friends in the evening. I like this game because it is exciting and challenging. Football is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players each. It is a ball game played on a rectangular grass field with a goal at each end. The objective of the game is to score by maneuvering the ball into the opposing teams goal. The winner is the team which has scored the most goals at the end of the match. Football is played at a professional level all over the world. , and m Millions of people regularly go to football stadiums to follow their favorite team, whilst millions more avidly watch the game on television. A very large number of people also play football at an amateur level. In many parts of the world, football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans, local communities, and even nations; it is therefore often claimed to be the most popular sport in the world. There are many worldwide international football competitions of football. One of thesethe major international competitions in football is the World Cup organized by Federation Internationale de Football Association. Over 190 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals. The finals tournament, which is held every four years, now involves 32 national teams competing. The next World Cup takes place in Germany 2006. The football star I admired most in football is Edson Arantes do Nascimento, nicknamed Pele. Pele is a former Brazilian football player and thought by many to be the finest player of all time. Often considered the complete perfect attacking player, he was completely two-footed, a prolific finisher, exceptional at dribbling and passing, and was a remarkably good tackler for a forward. He was also famed for his speed and strength on the ball. Since his full retirement he has served as an ambassador for the sport. There are is many reasons football is my favorite game. I wish to become a professional football player. I learnt teambuilding, discipline as well as teamwork through playing football.

African American Response to Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe :: Uncle Toms Cabin Essays

African American Response to Uncle Tom's Cabin       Many African American 19th Century critics saw Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin as a ray of hope and a means out of oppression. Critics praised the dialogue, the interjected sentimental stories, as well as the characterization. In fact, many considered the novel to be a gift from God. Uncle Tom's Cabin was the only popularized writing at the time that touched upon slavery as negative. The novel was popular in general but more importantly to African Americans. However, the response to the book was limited considering the scarcity of African American newspapers and writers. Much of the African American population at the time was held down by slavery, illiteracy, and/or a lack of places to publish.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the few venues for African American reaction was Frederick Douglass' Paper. William G. Allen, a free black teacher, comments on a particular scene of dialogue in Uncle Tom's Cabin in his letter to this publication: "The religious conversation between the slave-tenders . . . is a capital thing . . . . How it tells upon the miserable spittle-licking religionists of the present day, who, as Tom Stoker has it, are running up a bill all their lives with the devil, calculating to sneak out when pay time comes" (Allen). This discussion between Tom Stoker, Mr. Marks, and Mr. Haley is about whether the slave trade is a Christian business. Mr Haley says, "I b'lieve in religion, and one of these days, when I've got matters tight and snug, I calculates to tend to my soul and them ar matters; and so what's the use of doin' any more wickedness than 's re'lly necessary?--it don't seem to me it's 't all prudent" (Stowe 57). Tom Stoker replies that Mr. Haley is just trying to do evil things all his life with slavery, only to sneak out in the end and go to heaven. William G. Allen, in reference to this scene, commends Stowe's comparison and the relationship between Christianity and slavery.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Allen also praises the touching story of the Quadroon girl in Volume II, Chapter XXXIV. He writes, "The story of the Quadroon girl . . . exceeds anything that I have ever read, in all that is soul-searching and thrilling" (Allen). In the story of Cassy, the Quadroon girl, she helps nurse Uncle Tom back to health after having been beaten and tells him that there is no God. African American Response to Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe :: Uncle Tom's Cabin Essays African American Response to Uncle Tom's Cabin       Many African American 19th Century critics saw Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin as a ray of hope and a means out of oppression. Critics praised the dialogue, the interjected sentimental stories, as well as the characterization. In fact, many considered the novel to be a gift from God. Uncle Tom's Cabin was the only popularized writing at the time that touched upon slavery as negative. The novel was popular in general but more importantly to African Americans. However, the response to the book was limited considering the scarcity of African American newspapers and writers. Much of the African American population at the time was held down by slavery, illiteracy, and/or a lack of places to publish.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the few venues for African American reaction was Frederick Douglass' Paper. William G. Allen, a free black teacher, comments on a particular scene of dialogue in Uncle Tom's Cabin in his letter to this publication: "The religious conversation between the slave-tenders . . . is a capital thing . . . . How it tells upon the miserable spittle-licking religionists of the present day, who, as Tom Stoker has it, are running up a bill all their lives with the devil, calculating to sneak out when pay time comes" (Allen). This discussion between Tom Stoker, Mr. Marks, and Mr. Haley is about whether the slave trade is a Christian business. Mr Haley says, "I b'lieve in religion, and one of these days, when I've got matters tight and snug, I calculates to tend to my soul and them ar matters; and so what's the use of doin' any more wickedness than 's re'lly necessary?--it don't seem to me it's 't all prudent" (Stowe 57). Tom Stoker replies that Mr. Haley is just trying to do evil things all his life with slavery, only to sneak out in the end and go to heaven. William G. Allen, in reference to this scene, commends Stowe's comparison and the relationship between Christianity and slavery.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Allen also praises the touching story of the Quadroon girl in Volume II, Chapter XXXIV. He writes, "The story of the Quadroon girl . . . exceeds anything that I have ever read, in all that is soul-searching and thrilling" (Allen). In the story of Cassy, the Quadroon girl, she helps nurse Uncle Tom back to health after having been beaten and tells him that there is no God.

Ben-Hur and Messala

Full of surprising actions, difficult compromises, and bitter defeats, Ben-Hur tells the tale of a Jewish prince, Judea Ben-Hur, born around the time of Jesus Christ in Jerusalem. Judea is childhood friends with a Roman boy named Messala. The deep bond between the two is a point clearly made in the beginning of the movie. The movie swiftly moves ahead over 20 years to a time when Rome has invaded Jerusalem. Ben-Hur is still a prince and regarded still with honor though he no longer rules the land.After years of separation, Ben-Hur and Messala have a joyful reunion and once again begin to reinvigorate the bonds of friendship. Exposition as they walk around fountain with the women discussing their youth lets us know Messala was almost a part of the Ben-Hur family. Everything is sweet with talk of â€Å"old times† yet one still gets the feeling that Messala is a bad guy as he discusses turning Libya to ashes in front of the women and soon after as he tries to get Judea to turn in fellow Jews. Messala is looking to climb the ladder of power and he begs for Ben-Hur’s help in getting rid of Jewish rebels.When Ben-Hur refuses, Messala uses an accident to place Ben-Hur under arrest. He is sent away as a galley slave for use on Roman ships. After saving the life of the Roman Counsel Quintus Arrius, Ben-Hur is freed from slavery and adopted by the high-ranking Roman. Judea Ben-Hur, driven by obtaining revenge on Messala, decides he must leave his new friends and family and return to Jerusalem. The longing to find his sister and mother are as strong as his need for revenge. After leaving Rome, Ben-Hur finds that Messala is now a famed chariot racer in Jerusalem.Fate has Ben-Hur meeting an Arab sheik who owns a chariot but whose rider is inadequate. This Arab offers Ben-Hur the chance to ride in a chariot driven by four of the finest horses he has ever seen in competition against Messala, hoping winning against the evil ex-friend will be revenge enough for Be n-Hur. After politely rejecting the offer, Judea heads back to his Jerusalem home in hope of finding his revenge and his family. But instead, Ben-Hur returns to find his home in disarray and his family still gone.His slaves, however, remain and they have hidden Ben-Hur’s wealth. Esther, the slave daughter he freed years before is still there, almost waiting for him to return. Fate once again steps in, and Judea winds up on the sheik’s chariot in the great chariot race of Jerusalem. Taking up almost twenty minutes of screen time, this ultra-dramatic and occasionally gory scene finds Ben-Hur the victor in the end. Thinking his family dead and his nemesis not only beaten but also mortally wounded, Ben-Hur finally believes the end of his torments may be close at hand.But Messala, despite knowing he is near death, still refuses to concede defeat. He requests a visit from Ben-Hur. It is then that Messala tells Ben-Hur that his family is alive and living as lepers in the vall ey. The obvious fresh pain he brings to his one-time friend seems to please Messala as Ben-Hur is once again filled with agonizing reality. Esther and Ben-Hur soon bring his mother and sister out of the valley and into the city where they are pelted with rocks. Soon though, attention shifts to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.Ben-Hur recognizes Christ. He cannot understand why he is being tortured so and Ben-Hur thrashes through the crowd in order to get closer. He is able to bring Jesus a wooden cup of water and when he sits in front of the wounded Christ to offer the drink, Ben-Hur looks into Christ’s eyes and it is obvious something deep has passes between them. The crucifixion complete, we see Christ’s blood being washed down the hillside where Esther and Ben-Hur’s family have taken shelter in cave. It is this night that finds Ben-Hur finally attaining peace.Ben-Hur has probably been described as a film of â€Å"epic† proportions more times than the su n has risen since its birth. Nevertheless, epic it is. Made on a grand scale, Ben-Hur is a story of good and evil which is often as clear as in children’s fable. For example, for centuries most people associate the color white with good and black with bad. Messala, the enemy of Ben-Hur wears black clothing and has black horses in the great chariot race while Ben-Hur’s are clothes are light and his horses white.Yet, it is also a tale that makes one wonder if good and evil are actually as clearly defined as we have been led to believe. Though it is in the background most often, religion plays a big part of this movie. Just like in the modern world where religious fanatics abound, there were many conflicting beliefs two centuries ago. While the movie, in my opinion, could have made the Romans the evildoers simply for their different beliefs, it never stoops that low. Instead, the movie shows that greed is evil and that acceptance of others unlike oneself is what makes all humans good.Messala disparages Jews to Ben-Hur frequently, but it is not that which makes him evil. It is Messala’s corrupt ways, selfish actions, and unrepentant heart that make him evil. Not only does the movie compare and contrast Messala and Ben-Hur, it also strives to compare Ben-Hur with Jesus. They were born around the same time, they were good men with great things in their futures. But the pain of one found him seeking blood for blood where the other professed people should fight oppression and evil with love and peace. With cunning subtlety, the live of Jesus is intermingled with Ben-Hur’s.We never see Jesus’ face, nor do we ever hear him speak. But, we do get the ideas Jesus professed through other characters such as Balthazar and Esther. We hear of the types of choices Jesus would make and we witness the one Ben-Hur makes. Judea is absolutely powerful as he talks of how freedom will ring so loudly when Rome falls. We know his choice is to fight, vio lently if need be for what he wants. Yet Jesus is powerful too, as we hear his words of peaceful action through others. Compared to Messala, Ben-Hur is the opposite of evil.But, when compared to Jesus, Ben–Hur is also an opposite. This is where the lines of good vs. evil are less clear than say white and black. It is almost as if the movie wanted us to see Messala as the ultimate evil, Jesus as the ultimate good, and Ben-Hur as the fallible human who must live every day between the two. This pull of both is obvious quite often in Ben-Hur’s life. First he must choose between being a loyal friend and a loyal leader, then he must choose between killing those who would have him dead and remaining alive for the future.He makes life-altering choices based on emotion only many times. The ship scene where Ben-Hur is unlocked prior to being rammed turns into him saving as many other slaves as he can, despite risking his own life by remaining in the ships’ hold is not onl y graphic but very emotional. And soon after, he not only kills another to save the life of Quintus Arrius, he saves him again by refusing to allow Quintus Arrius to kill himself by suicide. No expert on this time period, I found this movie to be extremely accurate historically.From the clothing to the architecture of ships and buildings to the desolate desert settings, they all rang fairly true. If occasionally, one could image a particular shot taken on a movie lot, there were hundreds of others that felt perfectly real that could make you forget a second or two of falseness. It seemed that very detailed attention was given to even minor aspects of the film. For instance, Ben-Hur’s hairstyle was decidedly Roman after his months spent in the empire’s capital. The make up of the women was very detailed too, as were the many wounds shown in the war between ships.Also, the instant where the slave must move the Baton of Victory closer to the emperor reach so that the empe ror would save mere inches of movement rang quite true and a tad funny. Every great epic must have a great ending. Ben-Hur certainly does. This is when Judea is finally reunited with his family and he brings them into to Jerusalem where they see Christ being tortured as he carries the cross. â€Å"In his pain a look of peace† Ester mutters softly as Judea struggles to get close to Jesus.Soon after, the blood of Jesus that runs down the hillsides as the rain pours down heals Judea’s family miraculously. Esther was going to leave Ben-Hur as his thirst for vengeance was turning him to â€Å"stone† until a look from Jesus and a few of the crucified preacher’s words rid Judea of the pull toward evil completely. The happily ever after ending can read like a children’s fable and feel a little unrealistic as well. But, one has to consider that with all the torment the main characters in this film had to endure in their lives, a little artistic license is u nderstandable.This version of Ben-Hur was a great success. It remains on many lists as one of the top 100 films of all time and is still discussed frequently among moviegoers and critics alike. The famous chariot race scenes in the later half of the movie are recognizable even to many that have never seen the entire film. No doubt this film can be considered a success when fifty years later it is still being watched, still is recognizable, and it’s actions scenes are still being emulated (Think of the pod-race in Star Wars – The Phantom Menace).Another aspect of measuring its success is that while some of the scenes are obviously shot on a filming lot (Ben-Hur’s home after his return from Rome, close-up shots during the dramatic race are the first scenes to come to mind) the production itself was an amazing undertaking. Made in the days before computers could enhance, fix, and modify any image, the drama accomplished is admirable. Thousands of people at a time i n some shots and the final product came together in a way that ends up looking so smooth, but must have been quite an undertaking to realize.The most recent production of Titanic, a massive success in its own right, had fifty years of technology at is disposal and yet it’s computer generated people aboard the luxurious cruise liner with their stiff movements and bodies and clothing without details cannot hold a candle to the thousands of extras used to fill a Jerusalem arena as they cheer for Ben-Hur, line roman streets for a tribute to the returning Quintus Arrius, fill a hillside from all directions to listen to the words of Jesus Christ, or follow Christ as he takes his last tortured steps through Jerusalem with the heavy wooden cross on his back.Technology has been wonderful to the movie industry, but Ben-Hur stands out even today because it is able to touch the audience intensely without the use of modern tools. The realistic touches, such as the thousands of extras invo lved, the intelligent decision to parallel the live of Jesus while still keeping his character in the background, and the still exciting chariot scenes are only a part of the reason this film is a monumental success still.

The Pros and Cons of GMOs From a Vegan Perspective

If youre confused about the pros and cons of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), youre not alone. While this relatively new technology is riddled with bioethics questions, the arguments for and against GMOs are difficult to weigh because its hard to know what the risks are—until something goes wrong. GMOs may not be natural, but not everything natural is good for us, and not everything unnatural is bad for us. For example, poisonous mushrooms are natural, but we shouldnt eat them. Washing food before eating it isnt natural (unless youre a raccoon), but it is healthier for us. GMO Is a Broad Term GMOs have been on the market since 1996, so if all of them were an immediate health threat, youd think we would know it by now. Part of the confusion regarding GMOs results from the broad scope the term genetically modified organism includes (although the definition has narrowed and no longer includes genetic alterations that result from the processes of natural mating and mutation). The general consensus among food producers and many consumers is that not all GMOs are bad. Scientific breakthroughs in manipulating plant genetics are actually largely responsible for the commercial success of crops in the United States, especially corn and soy.   While increased production is considered a plus by many, studies on the longterm health impact of consuming GMO goods are yet to be conclusive. New legislation initiatives in the United States are seeking to force producers to label goods as genetically modified. But whether such labeling will lead to a better understanding or further confusion regarding a products GMO status remains to be seen. GMOs and Labeling Proponents of GMO labeling believe consumers should be able to decide for themselves whether or not they wish to consume GMO products. In the European Union, the legal definition of a genetically modified organism is an organism, with the exception of human beings, in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination. It is illegal in the E.U. to deliberately release a GMO into the environment, and food items containing more than 1% GMOs must be labeled as such. In 2017 the U.S. government passed a national Genetically Modified Foods (GMO) labeling law to ensure a uniform standard for labeling GMOs (also referred to as BE/bioengineered foods). The previous year, Congress passed the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard Act that required the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to establish a labeling standard for GMOs. While the requirements were set to take effect by July 2018, after a public comment period, the USDA extended the implementation deadline for two years. The law will go into effect at the beginning of 2020 and will require food companies to be in compliance by January 1, 2022. Why Knowing Whats in Your Food Matters This alteration of the genes usually entails inserting genetic material into an organism in a laboratory without the aegis of natural mating, breeding, or reproduction. In other words, instead of breeding two plants or animals together to encourage certain traits in their offspring, the plant, animal, or microbe has DNA from another organism inserted. Genetically modified products contain novel proteins that could trigger allergic reactions in people who are either  allergic to one of the components of the GMO or in people who are allergic only to the new substance. Further, food additives that are Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) do not have to undergo rigorous toxicity testing to prove their safety. Instead, their safety is generally based on published past toxicity studies. The FDA has awarded GRAS status to  95% of the GMOs  that have been submitted. Arguments for GMO Use GMO technology can develop crops that have higher yields and more nutrients while using less fertilizer and fewer pesticides. If you live in the United States, you are most likely eating GMOs or livestock that was fed GMOs: 88%  of the corn and 94% of the soy grown in the U.S. has been genetically modified to be herbicide-resistant and/or insect-resistant. In addition to increased production, GMO technology also speeds evolution. With traditional breeding, it can take several generations before the desired trait is sufficiently brought out in offspring, and each new generation must reach sexual maturity before they can be bred as part of the cycle. With GMO technology, however, the desired genotype can be created instantly in the current generation and, since genetic engineering moves discrete genes or blocks of genes at a time, GMO technology is actually more predictable than traditional breeding during which thousands of genes from each parent are randomly transferred to their offspring. Arguments Against GMO Use The most common arguments against GMOs are that they have not been tested thoroughly, have less predictable outcomes, and can be potentially harmful to human, animal, and crop health as a result.  Studies have already shown that GMOs are dangerous to rats. A  2011 review in Environmental Sciences Europe of 19 studies in which genetically modified soy and corn were fed to mammals found that a GMO diet often led to liver and kidney problems. Another concern is that genetically modified plants or animals could interbreed with wild populations, creating problems such as population explosions or crashes or offspring with dangerous traits that would go further into harming the delicate ecosystem. In terms of agriculture, its feared that GMOs will inevitably lead to a decline in mixed cropping and an increase in  monoculture, which is dangerous because it threatens the biological diversity of our food supply. GMOs are transferring genes in a much more unpredictable way than natural breeding allows. That doesnt necessarily sound bad until you consider that creating GMOs is a type of genetic engineering that can be further broken down into different subcategories. While cisgenic organisms contain DNA from a member of the same species and are, therefore, generally regarded as less risky, transgenic organisms contain DNA from another species—and thats where you run into trouble. One of the built-in safeguards of natural breeding is that  a member of one species  will not produce fertile offspring with a member of another species. With transgenic technology, scientists are transferring genes not just across species but across kingdoms—inserting animal genes into microbes or plants. The resulting genotypes could never exist in nature–and the process is far more unpredictable than crossing a Macintosh apple with a Red Delicious apple. GMOs vs. Animal Rights Animal rights  activists believe that animals have an intrinsic value separate from any value they have to  humans  and that animals have a right to be free of human use, oppression,  confinement, and exploitation. While GMOs can make agriculture more efficient, thereby reducing human impact on wildlife and wild habitats, genetically modified organisms raise some specific animal rights concerns. GMO technology often involves  experimenting on animals.  Animals are used as either a source for genetic  material or as the recipient of genetic material, as was the case when jellyfish and coral were used to create genetically modified glowing mice, fish, and rabbits  for the novelty pet trade. The  patenting of genetically modified animals  is also of concern to  animal rights activists. Patenting animals is tantamount to treating them as property  rather than sentient, living beings. Animal advocates believe the reverses—that animals are sentient, living beings as opposed to things people own—and view the patenting of animals as a step in the wrong direction. Under the U.S. Food,  Drug,  and Cosmetics Act, new food additives must be proven safe. While there are no required tests, the FDA offers  Guidelines for Toxicity Studies  that include rodents and non-rodents, usually dogs. Although some opponents of GMOs are demanding more long-term tests, animal advocates should refrain from doing so as more tests will mean  more animals suffering  in laboratories. Sources Philpott, Tom. Are Genetically Modified Foods Safe to Eat? Mother Jones. September 30, 2011.Sà ©ralini, Gilles-Eric;  Mesnage, Robin;  Clair, Emilie;  Gress, Steeve; Spiroux de Vendà ´mois,  Joà «l; Cellier, Dominique.  Genetically Modified Crops Safety Assessments: Present Limits and Possible Improvements. SpringerOpen: Environmental Sciences Europe. March 1, 2011.On Patented Mouse: Let Reason Rule. Chicago Tribune. April 17, 1988.Everything You Need to Know About GMO Labeling in 2019. Illinois Farm Families Blog. 2019.

Britan Did Not Live Up to Their Promises to India Essay

When millions of Indians enlisted in the army to fight for the British in WWI, many people in India started having nationalistic feelings towards their own country of India. This was brought about by the promise that the British made to the Indian people. This promise was that in return for the service Indians gave during the war, the British would make reforms that would ultimately lead to the Indians themselves being able to rule their own country. The British didn’t live up to their promises. During the war, the British had taken significantly large loans which they needed to repay. As a result of this, the British increased taxes, rent on land, and prices on necessary goods in India causing Indians to protest. Due to all of these†¦show more content†¦This was an Indian march for salt. It was the first actual act of resistance and the beginning to get India’s independence. Gandhi was sent to jail for many years due to his actions which led to an actual march . Gandhi’s leadership in this movement made him a national hero. He showed how people have to resist the British and made them believe they could free themselves of the British. He showed leadership by using himself as an example of how to resist the British. Gandhi believed that people should not buy British goods especially cloths. He started a movement where people should spin their own cloth and make their own clothes. The spinning wheel became a symbol for Indian independence. Muslims were a minority in India but they believed they should have rights as other Indians did. Muslims felt that the Indian National Congress did not represent their interests. Muslim leaders thought they should have their own party to represent their needs. It came to the point where in 1906; Muslims throughout India felt they needed their own political party. Finally, a political party was formed by the Muslims and was known as the Muslim League. The Muslim League had several objectives. One objec tive was to be loyal to the British government and not to be seen as suspicious. Another objective was to give Muslims political rights and have the government recognize them. A third objective was â€Å"to prevent among the

Gender Inequality To What Extent Does It Still Exist Today

Gender Inequality: To What Extent Does it Still Exist Today? Throughout history, womens roles in society have been different than those of mens. Women’s jobs were generally connected to their traditional roles of caring for the home, raising children, making clothes, and cooking food, while men were the breadwinners in the families. Women had been brought up to become mothers (as well as nurturers) while men were brought up to become entrepreneurs and businessmen. It was not until the 1950s that women began to protest and fight for equal rights. Since then, many have claimed that the disparities between women and men have drastically decreased, almost to the point that it is minimalistic. However, in todays society, although we would†¦show more content†¦George merely responds by saying, You look pretty darn nice (Hemingway 695). She does not try to argue about it, further implying that she feels inferior, and that George has control over her. While she does not explicitly state it, she feels that her lack of freedom is keepin g her from being happy. Additionally, the nameless wife seems to connect with the cat. Much like how â€Å"the cat was trying to make herself so compact so that she would not be dripped on (Hemingway 694), she keeps all of her feelings inside. The wife definitely feels the restraint that her husband has put on her, and in order to please him, she attempts to make herself compact, just like the cat. The subordinate role that Georges wife has in the story is very much like the subordinate role that women have (to some extent) in society today. Women do not receive the attention that they deserve and their opinions as well as feelings go unheard. Not only are womens voices unheard, women are also represented inappropriately and stereotypically in advertisements, which in turn leads to the increase in disparities between women and men. In Vietnam, Bui Thi Phuong from Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration tackles the issue of inequality in the representation of women in advertising. â€Å"In most advertising, women are always restricted to doing simple work such as housework or are shown in the fashion orShow MoreRelatedAn Explanation Of Why Sociologists Are Interested On Class1275 Words   |  6 Pagesdivisions to show how they intersect with class. Economic inequalities can have an impact on class as they can determine a person’s status, wealth, income and lifestyle. Class is important as social inequalities exists amongst the rich and poor. Important social factors include poverty, health and education. A person’s identity is just as important as their class. People may face discrimination due to their identity, whether that may be due to their gender, age, ethnicity or disability. 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An Analysis of Culture and Organisation

Question: Discuss about the An Analysis of Culture and Organisation. Answer: Introduction to ZTE and its environment The report will discuss in detail about the company ZTE Corporation which is one of the largest and infect international leader in the field of telecommunication and IT. The company focuses on providing a system which is integrated by nature and also provide an end-to-end innovation to the customer (Zhu Liu, 2010). The company serves many customers from different businesses to public sector customers from all across the world and also make sure that there is constant connectivity and also productivity in order to unlock the strength of the technology in the society (Zhu Liu, 2010). The company got established in the year 1985 and the company is also listed at Hong Kong and Shenzhen Stock exchange. Not only this, the company is the largest listed telecommunication company in China (Fan, 2011). The company is providing variety of product which is extremely comprehensive by nature and provide end-to-end solutions. ZTE offers number of option from many value services, high quality wireless which is cutting edge, bearer and access, terminal and managed services to number of telecommunications carriers (Fan, 2011). Also the company is into providing structured ICT solutions for companies and number of government agencies. The company has a team of highly qualified people who have capacity to take the company on number one position in the field of telecommunication and also the company got listed in Fortune 500 enterprises among almost hundred and sixty countries to achieve business aim and also attain competitiveness constantly (Rogers Ruppersberger, 2012). The company has also indulged in providing smartphones like AXON, SPRO and Blade. These mobile devices are highly demanded since the company come up with a lot of trust by the consumers all around the world. ZTE is also an active part of UN global compact and the company is devoted to create a vision which is balanced in nature and provide sustainable development solutions for the environment and also economic fields (Rogers Ruppersberger, 2012). The company also believes in providing freedom of speech all across the world and with the company being indulged in the innovation through technology and along with the concept of going green into effective product life cycle (Rogers Ruppersberger, 2012). This includes research and development, logistics, production and customer service. The company is also devoted to provide high energy efficient solutions and at the same time also minimise carbon emission from the area. The Hofstede theoretical framework Hofstedes cultural dimensions theory is actually a framework for those companies or people in general who migrate to different parts of the country and indulge in cross culture communication (Taras et al, 2010). The concept was developed by Geert Hofstede. It defines an effect on the culture of the society and the value system of the member of the society. This also discusses the value which is closely connected with the behaviour by using a proper structure and which also comes from many elements and its analysis (Taras et al, 2010). The theory is entirely based on the basic idea that different values are places on 6 dimensions. These dimensions are power which throws light on equality and inequality in the society, individualism versus collectivism, avoidance of any kind of uncertainty which can also be compared uncertain level of tolerance, masculinity and femininity, indulgence and restraint and temporal orientation (Taras et al, 2010). Following is the detailed discussion of all six dimensions: 1. Power-distance index: Hofstede has emphasized that power distance can be defined as an extent where in an organisation; people who are little less powerful can accept or even expect that power can be distributed unequally (Hofstede, 2010). Here, the level of distribution of power is not calculated rather the focus is more on the way people actually feel about the whole situation. In fact, the low power-distance score actually means that cultures has the power to expect or accept different power relations and is more democratic by nature and where members are actually viewed as equals (Hofstede, 2010). High power-distance scores emphasize on the less powerful people in the society who can easily accept the place and can also realise the level of existence in a more formal and hierarchical positions (Hofstede, 2010). 2. Individualism and collectivism: this element discusses the degree to which an individual can be integrated in a group and the main dimension does not have any political connotation and it is also related to the group instead of any individual (Hofstede, 2011). Culture that promotes individualistic approach gives importance on attaining personal goals. In collective societies, these goals or objective are the group of people and its wellbeing which are valued over those of many individuals (Hofstede, 2011). 3. Uncertainty versus avoidance: tolerance level in a society can be uncertain and also create an ambiguous situation. This is actually a dimension that can measure the way any society can deal with many unknown situations and can also face many unexpected events and the level of stress also changes (Yoo et al, 2011). When culture score high on this index are very less tolerant of any kind of change and also tend to minimise the level of anxiety or worry in the unknown place by implementing various rigid rules, laws and regulations(Yoo et al, 2011). Societies that actually score comparatively low on any index are more open to different kind of change and also have less rules and laws and more free or flexible guidelines. 4. Masculinity versus Femininity: - this element focuses on the distribution of many emotional roles which exist between the genders. This dimension calculate the level of importance in a culture that places on many stereotypical value which are masculine by nature like assertiveness or power or materialism and also typical feminine values like value to human relationships (Yoo et al, 2011). Cultures that are high in masculinity scale are generally based on having more distinct differences in the genders and also tend to be very competitive and ambitious by nature. When these score is low on many dimensions have less differences between the gender and overall place gives higher values on building the relationship (Yoo et al, 2011). 5. Long term orientation versus short term orientation: there are number dimension that can explain a societys time and its horizon. Short-term oriented culture focuses on traditional or more conventional values or methods that give a lot of time to build relationships and in common have a view as circular (Taras et al, 2012). In other words, the past or the present are more interconnected by nature and also it cannot be executed today or many can be done in the future. The complete opposite of this is long term orientation which has the capability to see the time as a more linear and it also look for the future rather than the present or even the past. It is more goal oriented and value rewarding by nature (Taras et al, 2012). 6. Indulgence versus restraint: this element calculates an ability of the culture that has the capacity to satisfy the constant needs and also the personal ambitions for its members (Taras et al, 2012). Those values can also restraint and have a very strict or rigid society rules and conditions which can satisfy or even drives in a more regulated or discouraged manner. Importance of Hofstede theoretical framework There are number of issues that are measured based on Hofstede dimensions which are discussed in detail as follows: 1. The society is from a time or a culture that shows high power distance dimension and at the same time, subordinates or employees are used to abide by what the managers tells them to do instead of focussing more open or democratic methods (Hofstede et al, 2010). On the other hand, the engineer or other technical people come from a culture where the dimension is low and it will also flatter many kind of power structure and it also includes the authority and accountability of employees so that they can work on more equal terms (Hofstede et al, 2010). 2. The overall community is actually collective driven on the other hand, the engineers belongs to a more individualistic culture (Woodside et al, 2011). This is why; the community actually gave importance to a group that have opinions despite the fact that these are more personal opinions. This is why, when an individual is walking through number of problems was asked to voice his or her opinion and when the person takes a step back when it comes to expressing the opinion, since many members of the community or society have nothing to do with that individual problem (Woodside et al, 2011). 3. The levels of low uncertainty actually avoids and also have a high power distance focuses on many community rules, the members are focused on organising as a part of the family where the chief or head take responsibility (Engelen Brettel, 2011). The primary focus is with the head of the family or organisation who must take decision on the right action plan. 4. Whereas, when a technical sound person comes under a situation where power distance as well as uncertainty avoidance is comparatively low, the project is actually drawn till the end and the engineer is more focused to collect in many members of the society though the head or the chief has less or not interested (Pauwels, 2012). Schein theoretical framework and why it is not selected? This framework is proposed by Edger Schein and he stated that it takes time to adopt a culture and it cannot be done in a single day, rather it is formed in due course of time as employees have to face many changes and also adapt to the external environment and solve issues (Rai, 2011). People gain from their past experiences and also practice it daily. This leads to forming a culture in a workplace. New employees look hard to adjust in the new place and lead a stress-free time (Rai, 2011). Following are the three level of organisation culture according to this framework: 1. Artefacts: this level is the characteristic of any organisation that can be easily viewed or heard or even felt by number of people in a collective manner and known as artefacts (Hogan Coote, 2014). In this level everything from dress code of employees to office furniture to overall code of conduct of the employees and mission, vision come under Artefacts (Hogan Coote, 2014). 2. Values: in this level Schein focused on organisation culture and its value to the workforce. The values of a single individual working in the organisation actually play an important role in deciding the organisational culture (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). The overall mind-set of any person who is connected with a particular firm impacted the culture of that workplace (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). 3. Assumed Values: the last level focus on many values of the employees which cannot be measured but does have the power to make the difference in the culture of the organisation (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). There are many types of theories in cultural and organisational models; however Hofstede framework for culture is an effective one because it is one of the most referred and used theories all across the world. The major difference between Hofstede and Schein cultural framework is that Hofstede look for major differences on international platforms all across the employees in a multinational companies and this is an effort to deicide the features for attainting the international culture in the working environment. Globalisation is an important element of todays time and this is why this theory has become even more crucial for organisational culture. Application of Hofstede theoretical framework on ZTE Managers all across the world are constantly facing number of difficulties and challenges which are thrown in a way that global interdependence of the market and HR department cannot be exempted (De Mooij Hofstede, 2011). When in a company like ZTE has common culture, personnel management is challenging because everyone faces some or other common conception of right or wrong or accepted attitude or behaviour. At the same time, when various team members come from a different kind of cultural background or have background where manager or a team have different outlook, there can be a situation that lead to many misunderstanding which is not good for the organisation (De Mooij Hofstede, 2011). Following is the importance of culture and its connection with Hofstede framework of culture is discussed in detail: 1. Recruitment: the complete definition of an effective candidate is completely different from the culture that prevails. Those candidates who have a strong outlook on thing and are outspoken are actually considered potential candidates for the company. These individuals are part of masculine societies (De Mooij Hofstede, 2010). 2. Now a day, where collectivist feminine is given importance, there people who are fumble and perfectly connected participants or candidates and are good ones (De Mooij Hofstede, 2010). Positioning as a manager in the country like USA which is masculinity rate is high, is actually very different from doing so in more countries near Scandinavian where masculinity is quite low. 3. Appraisal: many processes in appraisal or promotion are actually based in countries like USA or other developing countries like UK and these countries are high rate of individualism as well as also have power distance which is low (Migliore, 2011). Therefore, according to many countries, the right way of performing is enhancing the direct and more frank feedback. At the same time, this does not focus on considerations like those countries with high power distance or have collective culture. This comes from a culture where feedback is not appreciated (Migliore, 2011). According to Hofstede framework for culture, it can be concluded the cultural differences are seen very important towards the way any consumer can classify and test the product or services (Migliore, 2011). ZTE is a telecommunication company therefore according to the framework more importance is given to the power distance and individualism dimension which are crucial to be considered. As per the Hofstede, these cultures can be recognised as the interesting variables (Migliore, 2011). Many studies have proved that there is string negative connection between the power distance and individualism. However, both the dimensions are adopted by many researchers. Conclusion According to individualisms and collectivism, one can understand the high degree of individualism with a belief that values are independent and also achieve self-actualisation stage (Alkailani et al, 2012). In addition, the research also focuses on the customer adaptation and its acceptance of different forms of advertising like SMS through mobile phone and it has been found that consumer in an individualistic culture are based on individual considerations. At the same time, the overall intention of the collectivist consumer is directly impacted by social norms and many attitudinal factors (Alkailani et al, 2012). According to this framework, a model can actually by hypothesized in connection to the effect on consumer and his or her behaviour. This is why; it is possible that ZTE apply this model to investigate the purchasing behaviour of the mobile phone and other services (Alkailani et al, 2012). Telecommunication services can be looked as the most influential decision in terms of purchasing attitude. This is why, Hofstede dimension must be considered very useful and also valuable tool for evaluating the purchasing pattern in the present market (Alkailani et al, 2012). Reference Alkailani, M., Azzam, I. A., Athamneh, A. B. (2012). Replicating Hofstede in Jordan: ungeneralized, reevaluating the Jordanian culture.International Business Research,5(4), 71. Baskerville, R. L., Wood-Harper, A. T. (2016). 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Rogers, M., Ruppersberger, C. D. (2012).Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE: A report. US House of Representatives. Taras, V., Kirkman, B. L., Steel, P. (2010). Examining the impact of Culture's consequences: a three-decade, multilevel, meta-analytic review of Hofstede's cultural value dimensions.Journal of Applied Psychology,95(3), 405. Taras, V., Steel, P., Kirkman, B. L. (2012). Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions.Journal of World Business,47(3), 329-341. Woodside, A. G., Hsu, S. Y., Marshall, R. (2011). General theory of cultures' consequences on international tourism behavior.Journal of Business Research,64(8), 785-799. Yoo, B., Donthu, N., Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede's five dimensions of cultural values at the individual level: Development and validation of CVSCALE.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,23(3-4), 193-210. 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